[Discrepancy between IGF-1 and GH during 75 g oral glucose tolerance test measures to acromegaly screening in a patient with macroprolactinoma--case report and literature review]. / Discordância entre IGF-1 e GH pós-sobrecarga de glicose no rastreamento de acromegalia em paciente com macroprolactinoma--relato de caso e revisão sobre o tema.

We describe a patient with macroprolactinoma and discrepant insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) concentration (elevated) and growth hormone (GH) values during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (normal), that were measured to evaluate the co-secretion of GH by tumor. With the bromocriptin use, the patient achieved normalization of prolactin, but persisted with high levels of IGF1, suggesting to be subclinical acromegaly. After the development of new more sensitive GH assays, cases of discrepant GH and IGF-1 results have been observed and taken to some authors to suggest that GH nadir concentration during 75 g OGTT used to acromegaly diagnosis and treatment could be lower than values considered currently normal. Thus, if this is confirmed, subclinical and oligosymptomatic acromegaly cases could have earlier diagnoses.

Discordância entre IGF-1 e GH pós-sobrecarga de glicose no rastreamento de acromegalia em paciente com macroprolactinoma: relato de caso e revisão sobre o tema / Discrepancy between IGF-1 and GH during 75 g oral glucose tolerance test measures to acromegaly screening in a patient with macroprolactinoma: case report and literature review

Neste artigo, descrevemos o caso de um paciente com diagnóstico de macroprolactinoma, que apresentava valores discordantes entre IGF-1 (elevado) e GH (hormônio de crescimento) pós-teste de tolerância oral à glicose (normal) realizados para pesquisa de co-secreção de GH pelo tumor. Houve normalização dos níveis de prolactina após uso de bromocriptina, porém, durante o acompanhamento, o paciente persistiu com níveis elevados de IGF-1 sem clínica aparente, sugerindo tratar-se de possível forma subclínica de acromegalia. Após o desenvolvimento de novos métodos laboratoriais, mais sensíveis, para a dosagem de GH, casos de discordância entre esses testes vêm sendo observados, levando alguns autores a sugerir que o nadir de GH pós-teste de tolerância à glicose oral (TTGO) para diagnóstico e tratamento da acromegalia pode ser bem menor do que o limite considerado atualmente (1,2). Assim, se isto for confirmado, casos subclínicos ou oligossintomáticos de acromegalia serão diagnosticados mais precocemente.

We describe a patient with macroprolactinoma and discrepant insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) concentration (elevated) and growth hormone (GH) values during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (normal), that were measured to evaluate the co-secretion of GH by tumor. With the bromocriptin use, the patient achieved normalization of prolactin, but persisted with high levels of IGF1, suggesting to be subclinical acromegaly. After the development of new more sensitive GH assays, cases of discrepant GH and IGF-1 results have been observed and taken to some authors to suggest that GH nadir concentration during 75 g OGTT used to acromegaly diagnosis and treatment could be lower than values considered currently normal. Thus, if this is confirmed, subclinical and oligosymptomatic acromegaly cases could have earlier diagnoses.

Calcificações cerebrais por hipoparatireoidismo: considerações sobre o diagnóstico, longo tempo após a tireoidectomia / Cerebral calcifications due to hypoparathyroidism: considerations about cases diagnosed many years after parcial thyroidectomy / Cerebral calcifications due to hypoparathyroidism: considerations about cases diagnosed many years after parcial thyroidectomy

Hipoparatireoidismo com manifestações neurológicas diagnosticado muitos anos após a cirurgia de tireóide é considerado uma raridade. Descrevemos neste trabalho 3 casos de hipoparatireoidismo associado a calcificações estrio-pálido-denteadas diagnosticados de 20 a mais de 40 anos após tireoidectomia parcial. Duas pacientes foram admitidas com quadros convulsivos em Serviços de Emergência, provavelmente secundário à hipocalcemia, sem diagnóstico de hipoparatireoidismo, o qual foi suspeitado a partir dos exames bioquímicos e da presença de cicatriz cirúrgica no pescoço. A tomografia computadorizada de crânio demonstrou extensas calcificações cerebrais em ambos os casos. A terceira paciente não apresentava quadro neurológico relacionado à hipocalcemia ou às calcificações de gânglios da base e cerebelo demonstradas pela tomografia. Todas foram tratadas com cálcio e vitamina D, com importante melhora clínica nos dois casos sintomáticos. Trata-se, somando-se uma publicação anterior, de 4 casos semelhantes provenientes da mesma região, que era considerada carente em iodo alimentar (Triângulo Mineiro e Goiás, Brasil), onde as tireoidectomias eram muito comuns e provavelmente sem um seguimento clínico adequado. Suspeitamos que outros casos similares, não detectados, possam existir atualmente.

The diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism with neurological findings occurring years after thyroid surgery is considered to be rare. The authors describe 3 cases of hypoparathyroidism associated to brain calcifications diagnosed many years after partial thyroidectomy. Two patients were admitted to Emergency Services presenting with seizures, without a previous diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. The diagnosis was suspected adding the biochemical analysis to the scar on the neck. The CT, which was performed more than 20 years after surgery, showed large cerebral calcifications in both cases. The third patient did not have neurological symptoms, but presented basal and cerebelar calcifications that were demonstrated in the CT. All patients were treated with calcium and vitamin D with great improvement of clinical status. Adding to a case published previously, we count 4 cases from the same region. Thyroidectomies were very common in this region poor in dietary iodide. Since the clinical follow up was inadequate, we suspect that undetected cases similar to these may exist in the present moment.

[Cerebral calcifications due to hypoparathyroidism: considerations about cases diagnosed many years after partial thyroidectomy]. / Calcificações cerebrais por hipoparatireoidismo: considerações sobre o diagnóstico, longo tempo após a tireoidectomia.

The diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism with neurological findings occurring years after thyroid surgery is considered to be rare. The authors describe 3 cases of hypoparathyroidism associated to brain calcifications diagnosed many years after partial thyroidectomy. Two patients were admitted to Emergency Services presenting with seizures, without a previous diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. The diagnosis was suspected adding the biochemical analysis to the scar on the neck. The CT, which was performed more than 20 years after surgery, showed large cerebral calcifications in both cases. The third patient did not have neurological symptoms, but presented basal and cerebellar calcifications that were demonstrated in the CT. All patients were treated with calcium and vitamin D with great improvement of clinical status. Adding to a case published previously, we count 4 cases from the same region. Thyroidectomies were very common in this region poor in dietary iodide. Since the clinical follow up was inadequate, we suspect that undetected cases similar to these may exist in the present moment.